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Klinge (landform)
''Klingen'' are small, narrow, steep V-shaped valleys formed by the erosive forces of water and suspended abrasive particles, gravel and pebbles. They are usually side valleys without a discernible valley floor that lead into a main valley. Further incision through ablation and headward erosion is mainly caused by the waters of small, steep, fast flowing, streams or becks and their processes are still visible today. Erosion, sedimentation and transport are mutually dependent. The term ''klinge'' is German and is used of European stream landforms, especially in southern Germany and eastern France.
== Name ==
The description ''klinge'' for small V-shaped valleys may derive from the noise of the streams when in spate (''klingen'' in German means "ring" "clang" or "jingle"). Another interpretation maintains that the little valleys were supposed to be cut by blades ("Klinge" = blade). In the whole of southwest Germany, including the Swabian and Franconian Jura, this sort of valley is known as a ''Klinge'', ''Tobel'' or Klamm.〔Georg Wagner: ''Einführung in die Erd- und Landschaftsgeschichte mit besonderer Berücksichtigung Süddeutschlands.'' Hohenlohesche Buchhandlung Ferdinand Rau, Öhringen, 1960, p. 81.〕
These valleys are habitats for the common midwife toad, which, in many places, is also called the ''Steinklinke'' ("Stone klinke") or ''Klinkerkröte'' ("Klinker Toad"), its spawning waters are thus referred to as ''Klingelsiepen, Klingelborn, Klingelschlade, Klingelpütt'' or ''Glockenteich'', all names that refer to its very characteristic call.
In northwest Germany such erosion valleys are called ''Spiepen, Siefen'' or ''Seif'', or'' Sieke''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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